Abstract

DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS

Muhammad Siddiq* and Ghulam Sakina

ABSTRACT

Cinnamon and Cardamom plants were used in this study to investigate their anti-hypertensive activity. Allopathy medicines for hypertension are expensive, have side effects and not commonly available everywhere. Two groups of seven rabbits as model organisms with group 1 fed with egg yolk feed and group 2 with 10% salt solution with normal feed for continuous 21 days to induce hypertension. Three rabbits were given C1 aqueous extracts while other three with C2 aqueous extract and 7th rabbit in each group acted as control and given with placebo (water). Third group of 7 rabbits used for LD50 and biochemical parameters testing i.e., ALT, AST, ALP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL. Six normotensive volunteers were given with C1 and C2 extract to investigate extracts safety. Once it’s confirmed safe, a group of ten hypertensive volunteers were given plant extracts for seven days to check C1 and C2 efficacy with two individuals with placebo. Thirdly, group of two volunteers given with formulated syrup to test medicinal anti-hypertensive activity. Both groups of induced hypertensive model organism depicted a considerably lower in their blood pressure except in control which shown it high rate rather. Biochemical parameters related to hepatic functions significantly decreased i.e., cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL levels, and HDL levels. No animal death was observed even at the highest dose of 300mg/kg for LD50 Test. No side effects shown in normotensive Phase 1 Clinical Trial group, so extracts judged as safe. Phase 2 Clinical Trial results appeared with impressive anti-hypertensive activity while placebo takers shown with no lowering of blood pressure. Formulated syrup shown promising efficacy for hypertension in the third volunteers’ group. An average cost of 0.12 USD is calculated on formulation of this medicine. Plants aqueous extracts have anti-hypertensive activity with no side effects at all. While formulated medicine from these plants is without side effects, easily available, cheap, cost effective and efficient.

Keywords: Hypertension, Medicinal Plants, Clinical Trials, Cinnamon, Cardamom and Medicine.