Abstract

BIOSYNTHESIS OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES

Shilpa Chaudhari and Sarika Nikam*

ABSTRACT

Many studies have been proved that the microbial & plant extracts act as a potential precursor for the development of metal nanoparticles. Physical and chemical methods for formulation metal nanoparticles are generally used, but these are expensive and perilous for environment. Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles is one of the safe, cost-effective and environmentally sound approaches. Various biological means such as Proteins and enzymes from microbes and natural compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and other nutritional compounds act as reducing and stabilizing agents and are used for synthesis of metal nanoparticles. These natural compounds are derived from different parts of plant like leaves, stems, flowers, fruits and seeds. Major nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts and metals like gold, silver, copper oxide, palladium, platinum, titanium oxide zinc oxide etc. There are many formulation and process variables affecting the synthesis of nanoparticles which are discussed in this article along with different characterizing techniques. Nanoparticles today are found to be potential remedies for different diseases like cancer, diabetes, bacterial infections etc.

Keywords: biosynthesis of nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, green synthesis, metallic nanoparticles, nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles.