Abstract

3D/4 DULTRASOUND TECHNIQUE: AN OVERVIEW

Pratibha Tanaji Londhe* and Vaibhavi N. Garge

ABSTRACT

Ultrasound (also known as ultrasonography) is a diagnostic imaging technique based on the application of ultrasound. Its goal is often to find a source of a disease or to exclude any pathology.Based on frequency there are three types of ultrasound 2D, 3D and 4D. 2D scanning is the traditional ultrasound scanning method, means it sends and receives ultrasound waves in just one plane. The reflected waves then provide a flat, black-and-white image of the object through that plane.It provides real-time image but limitations clear image is not form, low resolution, Distortion of sound waves occurs. Further development of ultrasound technology led to the acquisition of volume data, i.e., slightly differentiating 2D images caused by reflected waves which are at slightly in different angles to each other. 3D ultrasound thus has three main mechanism i.e. image volume data acquisition, volume data analysis and finally volume display. Advantage of 3D US is Less time require for visualization of standard plane. and disadvantage is volume data acquired may be of lower-quality. Dynamic real-time 3D Ultrasound also known as 4D ultrasound.Also known as 3D imaging allows structures and internal anatomy to be visualized as static 3D images. the 4D scan is more capable of rendering instant moving three dimensional pictures of the object. While the 3D scan shows still color pictures.

Keywords: Ultrasound, 2Dscanning, 3Dimage, 4D ultrasound.