Abstract

TRENDS OF TUBERCULOSIS AND TREATMENT OUTCOME IN EDAGAHAMUS HEALTH DISTRICT, EASTERN ZONE, TIGRAY REGION, ETHIOPIA

Abadi K/mariam, Kahsay Amare and Gebremedhin G/her and Rajesh K. Sharma*

ABSTRACT

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains to be the major infectious disease causing high morbidity and mortality around the world. In 2010, there were an estimated 8.5 - 9.2 million new cases and 1.2 - 1.5 million deaths worldwide. Ethiopia is one of high TB endemic countries in the world, ranking 8th in the list of 22 high burden countries and 3rd in Africa. In 2011, the estimated annual incidence and prevalence of all forms of TB were 258 and 237 per 100,000 populations. A recent population based survey showed that the prevalence of new sputum smear-positive TB was 174 per 100,000 populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess five-year trend and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in Edagahamus Health District, Eastern Zone, Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2016. Methods and Materials: A retrospective survey was carried out from 2010 up to 2014 G.C records by using standard format to collect data’s of study subjects in Edagahamus Health District, Eastern Zone, Tigray region, northern Ethiopia. Results: From the total of 435 patients, tuberculosis type was categorized as extra pulmonary in 159 (36.6%), smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis in 149 (34.3%) and smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 435 (29.1%) cases. Among all forms of TB, 252 (57.9%) were male patients and 183 (42.1%) females patients. Case detection rate of smear-positive pulmonary TB had increased from 28.8% to 30.1%. Of all patients, treatment outcome was classified as cured in 104(22.1%), completed their treatment in 259(55.1%). The average value of death rate and defaulter rate were found to be 4.0% and 0.21%, respectively. Conclusion: Case detection rate of smear-positive pulmonary TB had increased across the year. Therefore; this case detection rate for smear-positive pulmonary TB should maintain and strengthen through implementing alternative case finding strategies. The average value of death rate and defaulter rate were found to be four and zero point twenty one percent respectively, which is a serious public health concern that needs to be addressed urgently.

Keywords: Tuberculosis (TB) Tigray addressed urgently.