Abstract

DIABETES MELLITUS: ROLE OF FREE RADICALS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS

Md. Zishan*, Zeeshan Ahmad, Sahar Idris, Zeba Parveen and Md. Wasim Hussain

ABSTRACT

Free radical defined as an atom or molecule containing one or more unpaired electrons in valence shell or outer orbit and is capable of independent existence. Because of non-bonding electrons, free radicals have affinity to react with other compounds and act as electron acceptors or oxidizing agents. Main oxidants include reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrogen (RNS), chloride (RCS) and sulfur. The most main antioxidant and major cause of oxidative damage to the body‟s biomolecules is ROS. ROS are well reactive molecules that can damage carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. That is evidence of oxidative stress is a key process in the onset of diabetes. Lipid per oxidation owing to free radical activity plays an important role in complications of diabetes.

Keywords: Free radical, ROS, RNS, RCS.