Abstract

TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF HIBISCUS ROSA FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

Sultana Zakiya*, B.B. Panigrahi, Rehana Parveen, Ranjeet Kumar Bhargav, Abhay Kumar Verma and Priyanka Shrivastav

ABSTRACT

Inflammation is a localized reaction that elicited in response to mechanism injuries, burns, microbial infection, allergens and noxious stimulus. The inflammatory response is a highly regulated biological process that enables the immune system to efficiently remove the injurious stimuli and initiate the healing process. It also establishes memory that enables the host to mount a faster and more specific response upon a future encounter which leads ultimately to the restoration of tissue structure and function.[1] The process of inflammation is necessary in healing wounds. However, uncontrolled and persistent inflammation contributes to the progression of many chronic pathological condition such as rheumatoid arthritis. Atherosclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, retinitis, multiple sclerosis etc. It may also be associated with increased risk of cancer.[2] It is a short term response that usually results in healing process.[3] The acute phase begins with the production of mediators by resident cell in the injured or infected tissue that promote the exudation of proteins and influx of granulocytes from the blood. The leukocyte typically neutrophils, phagocytosis and eliminate foreign microorganism. This process is followed by an event accompanied by active anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution process.[4] In the chronic phase, inflammation is characterized by the development of specific humour and cellular immune response to the pathogens present at the site of tissue injury. It is a prolonged, deregulated and maladaptive response that involves active inflammation, tissue destruction and attempts at tissue repair. This phase involves infiltration of mononuclear immune cells: monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. Inflammatory process involves synthesis and release of local inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), leucotrienes (LTs) and platelet activating facto (PAF) induced by phospholipaseA2 (PLA2), cyclo-oxygenase (COXs) and lipo-oxygenase (LOXs). Besides, other important inflammatory mediators including chemokines, cytokines, vasoactive amines, kinins, nitric oxide (NO) are also released during inflammatory process.[5]

Keywords: Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis Linn, Carrageenan, paw edema, anti-inflammatory.