Abstract

CUTANEOUS ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS REPOTED TO THE ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS MONITORING CENTRE AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL, KUPPAM

Dr. Pavani Malladi*

ABSTRACT

Cutaneous ADRs are responsible for the majority of ADRs in hospitalized patients. Cutaneous ADRs affect 2-3% of hospitalized patients.[1] Many of the commonly used drugs can produce cutaneous ADRs. A wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations ranging from maculopapular rash to severe toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) can be produced by different classes of drugs. The evaluation of the probability of a drug-induced event and finally the identification of the offending agent is often a difficult task. Cutaneous ADRs can be defined as noxious, unintended morphological skin changes with or without systemic involvement, developed after local or systemic administration of drugs in dosages commonly used for prevention, diagnosis or treatment of disease or modification of physiological functions, in accordance with the World Health Organization’s general definition of adverse drug reactions (ADR).[2] They account for patients' suffering, hospitalization and economic burden, and may sometimes be fatal. The common Cutaneous ADRs are skin rash, urticaria, fixed drug eruption (FDE), angioedema, and contact dermatitis. Serious Cutaneous ADRs endangering patient's life are Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).[3],[4] The common offending drugs are antimicrobials, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-epileptic drugs and anti-gout agents.[5],[6],[7] Majority of Cutaneous ADRs are diagnosed clinically. Recognition of the offending drug enables early withdrawal and improved outcomes.[8]

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