Abstract

NSAIDs RELATED GASTROINTESTINAL SIDE EFFECTS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: AN UPDATED REVIEW

Preeti Khulbe*, Birendra Shrivastava, Pankaj Sharma and Ajay Kumar Tiwari

ABSTRACT

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, mild to moderate pain and a lots of other conditions. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely accepted as effective agents for controlling pain, but their administration can lead to the development of gastrointestinal (GI) complications, e.g., ulcers and erosions, in susceptible individuals. NSAIDs can cause damage to the gastric mucosa via several mechanisms, including the topical irritant effect of these drugs on the epithelium, impairment of the barrier properties of the mucosa, suppression of gastric prostaglandin synthesis, reduction of gastric mucosal blood flow and interference with the repair of superficial injury. This article describes the specific gastrointestinal complications, risk factors due to NSAIDs and management of GI complications due to NSAIDs. In this the special emphasis provided for all the drugs used, formulation design and its consideration along with the disadvantages of NSAIDs and antiulcer combination therapy.

Keywords: Mucosal protective agents, Comparison PPI and H2 receptor blockers, food constituents, probiotics, buffered formulation, chiral NSAIDs.