Abstract

CURRENT GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN STATUS IN KERALA POPULATION

Dr. Sushma B. Jagannatha* and Dr. Shrikant C.

ABSTRACT

Background: Recently with the revised ADA guidelines, 2010 glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is not only the prognostic marker but also the diagnostic biomarker for diabetes mellitus. HbA1c expressed as the percentage of adult hemoglobin that is glycated, and achieving near-normal HbA1c levels have shown to reduce the long term complications of Diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To evaluate the levels of HbA1c among the subjects who attended the Founders Day Camp and to assess the prevalence of Diabetes in Kerala Population extending from Kasaragode to Trivandrum Methodology: A cross-sectional community survey was conducted at DDRCSRL that includes 14 districts of Kerala extending from Kasaragode to Trivandrum. All the subjects above the age of 18 years who participated voluntarily in the survey were included. A random venous sample was collected at all regions and was pooled at Dept. of Biochemistry, DDRCSRL Ernakulam & Trivandrum regions respectively for HbA1c assay. Subjects were considered Non Diabetic if they do not have history of Diabetes on the day of sample collection and if they had HbA1c Values less than 5.7%. Subjects were considered to have Diabetes if they reported being diagnosed by a physician or if they were on anti-diabetic drugs and insulin therapy. Results: Among the 2880 subjects surveyed, 660 were Non Diabetic and 2052 (75.6%) were reported have diabetes. There was significant increase in mean hbA1c levels in females compared to males (p = 0.02). Further Type 2 Diabetic subjects were classified into glycemic controls depending upon the HbA1c levels in which 22% had good glycemic control (8.5%), and with the mean age group of 53.4 ± 11.6 years. The poor glycemic control was also directly proportional to the duration of diabetes. Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that, the prevalence of poor glycemic control is more in females compared to males. There is need for intensive glycemic control in these subjects and insulin needs to be considered for the therapy.

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