Abstract

ISOLATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIA FROM OTITIS MEDIA INFECTIONS IN NSUKKA, EASTERN NIGERIA

Adonu, C.C,* Ogbuanya .C, Enwa, F.O., Anie C.O.

¹Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria

²Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta State UniversityAbraka, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Otitis media is one of the commonest diseases encountered in ear, nose and throat (ENT) clinic. This study was conducted to investigate the various aerobic microorganisms associated with otitis media and their current antibacterial susceptibility patterns to commonly used antibiotics. Earswab samples were collected from 115 clinically diagnosed cases of otitis media and processed according to standard methods. Out of these 115 clinical cases, 105 (91%) showed positive bacterial culture yielding 110 isolates (106 bacteria strains and 4 Candida spp). Out of these 106 bacteria spp, Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most prevalent bacteria (37 strains) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26), Staphylococcus aureus(15), Escherichia coli(13), Proteus spp(10) and Klebsiella spp(5). Candida spp were equally isolated from some of the patients. The peak incidence was found in the age group 0 – 10 years (45.7%),followed by 11–20 years (25.7%), and a decline with advancement in age of the patients . Apart from Kleb.spp that showed multiple resistance to all the commonly used antibiotics in the environment, other bacteria isolates exhibited high senstivity to ciprofloxacin and were susceptible, intermediately susceptible and resistant in varying degrees to other antibiotics used. The results of this study showed high resistance rate of all the isolates to ß- lactam and other commonly used antimicrobials. Therefore, an appropriate knowledge of antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria, judicious use of antibiotics and periodical assessment of the antibiotic susceptibility-resistance profile of the commoly used antibiotics in the region are very important in order to be ensuring therapeutic success in the medical management of otitis media infections.

Keywords: Otitis media, Bacteria ,Candida spp,Antibacterial susceptibility.