Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF BARK OF BUCHANANIA LANZAN SPRENG. AGAINST PARACETAMOL INDUCES HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS.

Jitendra Patel*, Venkateshwar Reddy, G.S.Kumar

ABSTRACT

There is an increasing interest in herbal remedies because of their effectiveness, less side effects in clinical experiments and relatively low cost.Buchanania lanzan Spreng. (B. lanzan) belongs to the Family Anacardiaceae, is commonly known as ‘Chaar’ in India. In ayurvedic medicine various part this plant used as astringent, depurative, constipating, brain tonic, cardio tonic and for glandular swelling. This plant is used in treatment and prevention of cancer by traditional healers and herbalists of the Chhattisgarh state of India. The phytoconstitutes reported in bark of this plant are flavonoids, sterols, tannins, quercetin, glycosides, Triterpenoid, Saponins, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic and aqueous extract of bark of B. lanzan against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. The methanolic and aqueous extract of B. lanzan was administered orally to the animals with hepatotoxicity induced by Paracetamol. Silymarin was used as reference standard. The plant aqueous extract was effective in protecting the liver against the injury induced by Paracetamol in rats. Silymarin, methanolic extract of bark of B. lanzan (MEBBL) and aqueous extract of bark of B. lanzan (AQEBBL) treated groups when compared to paracetamol (PCM) induced hepatotoxic rats the increased ALT, AST, ALP, BILD, BILT, CHO and TG levels were significantly reducedand ALB and PRO levels were significantly increased. The histopathological changes i.e. fatty changes (steatosis), necrosis etc. were partly or fully prevented. It was concluded from the result that the AQEBBL possesses hepatoprotective activity against PCM induced hepatotoxicity in rats and it is less when compared to Silymarin as evidenced by the significant difference in biochemical parameters.

Keywords: Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Bark, Aqueous extract, Methanolic extract, PCM, Hepatoprotective, and Silymarin.