Abstract

NEPHROTOXIC EFFECT (IODIXANOL) AND THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE AND NORMAL SALINE ON RADIO CONTRAST TOXICITY, ADMINISTRATION BY IV ROUT IN WISTAR RATS

Ambrish K. Singh *, Apoorva Jain, Sumer Singh, Naiyer Shahzad, Akanksha Singh, Virendar Yadav

ABSTRACT

Contrast nephropathy (CN) is usually defined as acute renal failure occurring within 48 h of exposure to intravenous contrast media. The frequency of CN depends on the definition of acute renal failure the population studied the type of radiological procedures and the presence or not of risk factors. CN is generally mild and reversible but it can result in the need for dialysis treatment, extended hospital stays and it contributes to morbidity and mortality and to chronic end-stage renal failure. Chronic renal failure particularly in the case of diabetic nephropathy is the only independent risk factor in prospective studies. The IV administration of iodixanol alone at the dose of 2.3 g/kg and 1.6 g/kg studied in this experiment revealed nephrotoxicity, toxicity to adrenals and hepatotoxicity. Thecombination of iodixanol and NACT in the dose range of 3.2+1.2g/kg and 1.6+1.2g/kg by IV administration resulted in drastic reduction of renal, hepatic as well as adrenal lesions and The combination of iodixanol and NS in the dose range of 3.2 g/kg+5ml/kg and 1.2g/kg+5ml/kg by IV administration resulted in drastic reduction of renal, hepatic as well as adrenal lesions in Wistar rats treated for single consecutive dose and observed for 7 days.

Keywords: Contrast nephropathy, iodixanol, NACT, Wistar rats.