Abstract

ACUTE AND DELAYED TOXICITY STUDIES OF CASSYTHA FILIFORMIS DEFATTED ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

N. Armenia, Hercegovina, Dian Gustinanda, Annisa Nur Salasa, Yori Yuliandra and Friardi

ABSTRACT

Defatted ethanolic extract of Cassytha filiformis exhibits a potentialantihypertensive activity based on our previous study. The objective ofthis study is to evaluate the acute and delayed toxicities of the extract.Determination of LD50 and delayed toxicity were conducted on 90mice (divided into 6 groups of 15 mice each) at doses of 25, 50, 100,200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. Data was analyzed by Probit analysis todetermine LD50, while Two Way ANOVA was used to analyze thechange of animal body weight, food and water intakes. Results showedthat the 1, 2, 3, 24 and 48 hours LD50 of this extract were 0; 875.83;313. 63; 52.28 and 2.17 mg/kg, respectively. Animal body weight,food and water intakes were affected by the dose of the extract and the time of measurementand interaction of those variables significantly (p<0.05). In this situation, food and waterintake decreased up to fifteen days after the single dose of this extract, especially at high dose(400 mg). These led to reducing animal body weight. There was no significant change(p>0.1) in the heart, liver and kidney weight ratios at the end of this study (14 days aftersingle dose of extract). These indicate that the defatted ethanolic extract of C. filiformis istoxic and produces delayed toxicity.

Keywords: .Ethanolic extract, cassytha filiformis, toxicity, acute, delayed.