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ROLE OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS AS THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: AN UPDATED REVIEW
1Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, S.S. Nagar, Mysore- 570015, India. 2Department of Pharmacology, HSK College of Pharmacy, Bagalkot-587101, India. 3Department of Pharmacology, PES’s Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Ponda- 403401, India. 4Department of Pharmacology, MRM College of pharmacy, Ibrahimpatnam, Hydrabad, 501510, India
ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and a symmetrical polyarticular disease of unknown etiology that affects primarily the diarthrodial joints, which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial joints. The inflammatory process includes a sequence of events that can be elicited by numerous stimuli and aggravates a characteristic pattern of responses. A critical factor that contributes to joint damage is the excessive production of inflammatory mediators by resident and/or infiltrating inflammatory cells. Among the main mediators involved in the joint damage process are pro-inflammatory cytokines or free radicles including interleukins, TLR5 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, adhesion molecules, lipid mediators like Sphingosine-1-phosphate, histamine, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and others. The resolution of this review study is to provide an overview of different targeting inflammatory mediators involved in RA. Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; inflammatory mediators; interleukins; TLR5; Sphingosine- 1-phosphate; TNF-α. [Download Article] [Download Certifiate] |