Abstract

A REVIEW OF CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS IN BULGARIA

Pankova Stefka, Vasileva Lili and Petkova Valentina*

ABSTRACT

Bone undergoes a continuous remodeling process involving resorption and formation. Any process that disrupts this balance by increasing resorption relative to formation may results in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is defined as abnormal loss of bone predisposing to fractures. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and loss of the structural and biomechanical properties that are required to maintain bone homeostasis. This review aims to enlighten the current trends in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Bulgaria. Recent studies suggest potential role of physical exercises in prevention and management of osteoporosis. Management of osteoporosis includes non-pharmacological treatment - diet rich of calcium and vitamin D, healthy lifestyle, proper exercise plan, and pharmacological therapy. Combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options have to be considered for prevention of osteoporosis and minimization of the risk of fractures. More randomized control trial should be done using variable combined methods of treatment.

Keywords: Osteoporosis, treatment, prevention, pharmacology, exercises.