Abstract

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF WHOLE PLANT EXTRACTS OF Vanda Tessellata (ROXB.) HOOK.EX.G.DON

Bakul Bhattacharjee, Touhidul Islam, Zamilur Rahman and S. M. Shahinul Islam*

ABSTRACT

Vanda tessellata is an endangered and medicinal orchid that is effective to cure various diseases e.g. dyspepsia, bronchitis, inflammations, piles, hiccup etc. The purpose of this study was to determine phytochemical constitutes and antimicrobial activity using extracts from whole plant of Vanda tessellata. The various solvent extracts such as chloroform, methanol, ethanol and hexane of this orchid were considered for in vitro antimicrobial activity against five clinical pathogenic bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and three fungi viz. Penicillium sp. Rhizopus sp. Aspergillus niger by disc diffusion method. A preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed for the detection of alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids and glycosides etc. All the extracts showed different degree of inhibitory that potential against tested bacteria under this study. The antibacterial activity against all bacteria with the zone of inhibition ranging from 5‐15 mm were observed and found that highest inhibition zone (14-15 mm) with the concentration of 10.0 mgl-1 of chloroform extract. Chloroform extract showed significant antifungal activity against Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp. and Aspergillus niger with the highest zone (16‐17 mm) of inhibition. We successfully identified antimicrobial activity that could be further exploited for isolation and characterization of the novel phytochemicals effect on several infectious diseases especially in light of the emergence of drug resistant microorganisms and antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Vanda tessellata, phytochemical, antimicrobial, disc diffusion method.