Abstract

PRILIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND DETERMINA- TION FROM RHIZOME AND FLOWER OF ALPINIA GALANGA

Thokcom Sharatc handra Singh *, Thokcom Brojendro Singh 

ABSTRACT

Phytochemical constituents are non-nutritive plant chemical that have preventive and curative properties of disease. The zinziberaceae, the largest family in zinziberales, comprises 300 genera and 1000 species. Alpinia galanga (Manipuri-kanghoo) belongs to the zinziberaceae family is a perennial herbaceous plant with rhizomatous root stocks and tall leafy steams. This plant is widely available in the North-Eastern region of India. Alpinia galanga was known to poses antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, antifungal activity, anticancer activity and gastro protective activity. Traditionally, the rhizome of alpinia galnga was used in rheumatic fever, cough, heart diseases, for treatment of ringworms; also consider as stimulant and skin disease. Fresh rhizome and flower of this plant are also used asfood item. Seed are used in colic, diarrhoea and vomiting. The present study deals with the preliminary phytochemical screening and estimation of saponin, flavonoid and alkaloid of the rhizome and flower of alpinia galanga. For preliminary phytochemical analysis, rhizome and flower are extracted separately with methanol and giving 1.5mg/100gm of methanol extract of the rhizome. For flower it yields 2.4 mg/100 gm for methanol extract respectively. Phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid, carbohydrate, tannin, phenolic, gum, glycoside, cardial glycoside, phenol, anthocyanin, terpenoid, triterpenoid, steroid etc. For phytochemical determination, the result reveals that, rhizomes were found to contain 22gm/100gm of saponin, 1.6mg/100gm of alkaloid and 3.9 mg/100gm of flavonoid. For flower the result reveals that, 16.654mg/100gm of saponin, 4.8mg/100gm of alkaloid and 6.9mg/100gm of flavonoid was found to contain.

Keywords: Alpinia galanga, Phytochemicals, methanol extract, saponin flavonoid and alkaloid.