Abstract

FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ALLOPURINOL MICROBEADS

Mohan Raj U.*, Vikram V., Gokul R. M., Dr. Mariyappan G. and Dr. Karthi J.

ABSTRACT

Drug delivery system was to provide the therapeutic amount of drug to the proper site in the body also to achieve and maintain the desired drug concentration in blood. Improving the therapeutic efficacy of existing drugs has been tried by different technologies. One of the effective technologies exiting in recent years of pharmacy is microbeads. The mucoadhesive drug delivery system was a new approach in pharmaceutical field and drug retention for a prolonged time has been achieved. Hence, it was made an effective attempt to formulate the mucoadhesive microbeads by allopurinol as the model drug. Allopurinol is a drug commonly used to treat a disease known as gout through the increased removal of uric acid from the body. Allopurinol drug class is known as xanthine oxidase inhibitors are drugs that work by reducing the production of uric acid. Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme found in the urine and blood that is a precursor to uric acid in the body. Gout is a form of arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the body which cause pain and inflammation of the joints. It is a BCS class II drug which has a problem of low solubility so, it is required to improve dissolution of allopurinol by formulating microbeads which increase the specific surface area. Mucoadhesive microbeads of allopurinol were successfully prepared by Ionotropic gelation technique. Compatibility of drug and polymer mixture was done by performing FT-IR study. It was concluded that there was no interaction between the drug and polymer. Mucoadhesive microbeads were obtained by ionotropic gelation method for all the formulations from F1 to F9. Formulations F1 to F9 were prepared with different concentration of polymer and with constant drug ratio of allopurinol. All formulations were evaluated for the Percentage yield, particle size, Drug content, Entrapment efficiency, scanning electron microscopy, swelling study, mucoadhesion testing, in-vitro drug release profile and the formulation F6 was selected as the best formulation, as it showed maximum percentage yield, drug content and Entrapment efficiency. It also showed a good Controlled drug release pattern up to 8 hrs. Based on all the above evaluation parameters it was concluded that the formulation F6 was found to be best formulation among the formulations from F1 to F9. According to stability study it was found that there was no variation in drug content, entrapment efficiency, and in-vitro drug released profile of optimized formulation F6 for 3 months period. From the Overall studies it can be concluded that the formulation F6 considered as the best formulation among nine formulations by comparing all the evaluated parameters.

Keywords: Mucoadhesive drug delivery system, microbeads, Allopurinol, In-vitro drug release studies.