Abstract

WEARABLE ECG MONITORING SYSTEMS BASED ON IOT-AN UPDATED REVIEW

Fahad Alabeidi*, Sarah Abdullah Alsaeed, Huda Obaid Alanzi, Fouad Hamed Alamri,
Alaa Saud Aleiid and Alaa Musaad Alsayyari

ABSTRACT

Background: The increasing healthcare demands, especially in aging populations, have stressed the need for efficient, cost-effective monitoring systems. Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, essential for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, has traditionally relied on stationary, expensive devices, limiting patient mobility. Recent advancements in wearable technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) have paved the way for continuous, real-time ECG monitoring. Aim: This review provides an updated analysis of wearable ECG monitoring systems based on IoT architecture, focusing on their components, data transmission, and cloud integration for real-time healthcare monitoring. Methods: The review explores the architecture of IoT-based ECG monitoring systems, including ECG sensing networks, cloud data storage, processing, and a graphical user interface (GUI) for real-time access. Key system components, data transmission protocols (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth), and database management using non-relational databases such as Redis are analyzed. Results: IoT-based ECG systems effectively transmit real-time data to the cloud, eliminating the need for smartphones. These systems offer robust, continuous monitoring, enhanced by cloud-based data cleaning, storage, analysis, and alert systems. Wearable devices, although using fewer electrodes, provide adequate data for basic cardiovascular diagnostics. Experimental setups demonstrate the system’s ability to capture key ECG intervals (RR, PR, QT, QRS), aiding in the diagnosis of arrhythmias and other heart conditions. Conclusion: IoT-based wearable ECG monitoring systems offer a portable, efficient solution for continuous cardiovascular health monitoring. They reduce reliance on traditional hospital-based systems, providing timely diagnostics and easing the burden on healthcare infrastructures. Integration with cloud computing enables robust data management and real-time health alerts, promising improved outcomes for chronic heart disease patients.

Keywords: Wearable ECG, IoT-based monitoring, Cardiovascular health, Cloud computing, Real-time ECG, Healthcare innovation.