Abstract

TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION: A REVIEW

Prof. Suvarna Unde*, Prof. Amol Wadhave, Dr. Sonal Antapurkar, Dr. Shital
Antapurkar, Viraj Mane and Manikrao Pawara

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for death anddisability including stroke, accelerated coronary and systemicatherosclerosis, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, lowering the BPwith antihypertensive drugs, and reducing the target organ damage andprevalence of the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. According tothe 2017 American college of cardiology (ACC)/American heartassociation (AHA) hypertension guide- lines hypertension is defined assystolic BP is ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP is ≥80 mmHg. BP should belower than 130/80 mmHg in patient with CHD, CHF, after renaltransplantation, diabetes mellitus and stroke. Recommended lifestylemodification included restriction of dietary sodium intake, weight lossif patient is overweight, regular exercise, moderate alcohol intake andin- crease consumption of potassium rich foods. The initial antihypertensive agent should begenerally selected from one of the following four classes thiazide diuretics, ACE inhibitors,ARBs, and calcium channel blockers, shown to reduce cardiovascular events. There are twointerventional approaches Renal Denervation and Baroreflex activation therapy, which areused in clinical practice for treatment of several treatment resistant hypertensions. Otherinterventional approaches are carotid body ablation and AVF placement but none of themprevent cardiovascular disease outcome or death in hypertensivepatient.

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