Abstract

CONCEPT OF KLAIBYA W.S.R TO MALE INFERTILITY- A LITERARY REVIEW

Dr. Ajeet Kumar Yadav, Monika Devi, Rahul Sharma and Dr. Anurag Pandey*

ABSTRACT

Male infertility (Klaibya) is a one of the most crucial significant health concerns that affects a substantial proportion of the middle-aged male population, typically defined as men aged 30-45. This review aims to provide an overview of the etiological factors(Aharaja hetu, Viharaja hetu, aghataja hetu) diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for male infertility in this age group. Several factors contribute to infertility in middle-aged men, including hormonal imbalances, genetic conditions(Sahaj hetu), lifestyle factors, and the natural decline in reproductive function with age. Conditions such as erectile dysfunction, varicoceles, and chronic illnesses like diabetes and hypertension are more prevalent in this demographic and can adversely affect fertility. The diagnostic evaluation of male infertility involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and specific tests such as semen analysis, hormonal profiling, genetic testing, and imagingstudies. Advanced diagnostic techniques, including DNA fragmentation tests and advanced sperm function tests, have been developed to better understand the underlying causes of infertility in middle-aged men. Management strategies for male infertility in this age group are multifaceted and tailored to the individual's specific condition. Lifestyle modifications, such as weight management, smoking cessation, and reduction of alcohol intake, are essential first steps. Medical treatments may include hormone therapy, medications to improve sperm production, and management of underlying health conditions. Nowadays due to the advancement of technology there is various techniques available such as Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), are often recommended for couples unable to conceive naturally. Male infertility in the middle-aged population is a complex condition influenced by various factors. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and personalized management plans are crucial for addressing this issue effectively and improving reproductive outcomes.

Keywords: Male infertility, Etiological factors, Lifestyle, ART, Aharaja hetu Sahaja hetu.