Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON NANOMEDICINE-BASED APPROACHES FOR MRNA DELIVERY

Govind R. Daspute*, Vishvas M. Bhusari, Vaibhav B. Sagade, Somnath A. Rasane and Ashwini A. Ghortale

ABSTRACT

Messenger RNA (mRNA) has immense potential for developing a wide range of therapies, including immunotherapy and protein replacement. As mRNA presents no risk of integration into the host genome and does not require nuclear entry for transfection, which allows protein production even in no dividing cells, mRNA-based approaches can be envisioned as safe and practical therapeutic strategies. In this regard, Nano medicine has shown the ability for spatiotemporally controlling the function of a myriad of bioactive agents in vivo. Direct engineering of Nano medicine structures for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA and navigating in biological environments can then be applied for promoting mRNA translation toward the development of effective treatments. Here, we review recent approaches aimed at enhancing mRNA function and its delivery through Nano medicines, with particular emphasis on their applications and eventual clinical translation. mRNA technology allows for the facile and direct production of proteins in vivo, thus circumventing the need for lengthy drug development cycles and complex production workflows. As such, mRNA formulations can significantly improve upon the biological therapies that have become commonplace in modern medicine. Despite its many advantages, mRNA is inherently fragile and has specific delivery requirements.

Keywords: Clinical translation; mRNA delivery; mRNA engineering; mRNA therapeutics; Nano medicines.