Abstract

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF COMMELINA BENGHALENSIS LINN STEM AND LEAVES

Gayathri K.*, Vinayakamurthi M. R. and Venkata Rathina Kumar T.

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to compile pharmacognostic and phytochemical findings on Commelina benghalensis L. Morphologically, the stem appears green and cylindrical, with a smooth texture and a slightly mucilaginous taste. Leaves are thick, ovate or elliptical, alternate, with an unequal base, ciliate margins, an acute apex, tapering to a point, and light green above and pale green below, devoid of characteristic odour but possessing a slightly mucilaginous taste. Microscopic examination reveals mainly amphistomatic and tetracytic stomata on both the upper and lower epidermis. Physicochemical analysis confirms adherence to the prescribed limits. Fluorescent analysis aids in identifying specific drugs based on fluorescence intensity. Phytochemical screening of Commelina benghalensis L. unveils alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, sterols, terpenoids, triterpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins,
amino acids, saponins, and phlobatannins. Quantitative estimation demonstrates significant levels of total phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid content in Commelina benghalensis L.

Keywords: HAECB, Commelina benghalensis L., transverse section, fluorescent analysis, qualitative estimation.