Abstract

ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL WITH ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES FROM THE FRACTIONS OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TECOMELLA UNDULATA STEM BARK: IN-VITRO STUDY

Nahida Siddiqui*, Gajengi Sri Meghana, Boorugu Aashritha, Bollarapu Ganesh,
V. Venakata Rajesham and Tadikonda Rama Rao

ABSTRACT

Traditional herbal medicines, with fewer side effects than modern pharmaceuticals, hold promise for managing diabetes. Phytoconstituents possess protective properties against oxidative stress and inflammation, key factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
This study investigates the potent fraction having antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities in-vitro from the ethanolic extract of Tecomella undulata stem bark. The ethanolic extract, obtained through maceration and underwent fractionation using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified using gallic acid and quercetin calibration curves, respectively. Antioxidant activity was assessed via H2O2 assay, anti-inflammatory effects through egg albumin denaturation assay, and antidiabetic potential using Glucose uptake by yeast cell assay. Furthermore, the TPC and TFC-rich fraction was evaluated for its alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity
against acarbose, confirming its potential as an antidiabetic agent.

The methanolic fraction of ethanolic extract (25.8%) showed the highest TPC and TFC (2.7 and 9.0 μg of gallic acid and quercetin, respectively). In-vitro assays demonstrated its significant antioxidant activity, inhibiting H2O2-induced oxidation (62.9%±0.38), and substantial anti-inflammatory effects, preventing protein denaturation (51-63%±0.71). The fraction also exhibited notable antidiabetic potential by enhancing glucose uptake in yeast cells at 80 mg/ml (68.57%±0.71) and 100 mg/ml (76.59%±0.62) with 5 mM glucose, and at 80 mg/ml (59.63%±0.21) and 100 mg/ml (67.51%±0.82) with 10 mM glucose. Additionally, IC50 value of the methanolic fraction against α-glucosidase enzyme was 139.56 µg/ml, surpassing the effect of acarbose (145.23 µg/ml). Therefore, the methanolic fraction exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties along with antidiabetic potential. 

Keywords: Antidiabetic, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Tecomella undulata, Ethanolic extract.