Abstract

A REVIEW ON BUCCAL PATCH

Aditya Chavan, Prof. Ram Nikhate, Snehal Borkar, Tanmay Deore, Chavan Yogesh, Supriya Kale, Prasad Dhavare, Dipali Dhere

ABSTRACT

Buccal Patches are the type of drug formulation that has normally a different course of administration through the buccal mucosa for drug delivery. The product is placed between upper gingiva (Gums) and cheek to treat local and systemic conditions. Buccal patch have good accessibility to the membranes that line the oral cavity. These patches tend to help drug enter directly into the systemic circulation escaping hepatic first pass metabolism. Drugs that are administered via the buccal mucosa directly enter the systemic circulation, thereby avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism. Therefore, this administration route is useful for improving the bioavailability of drugs that are subject to an extensive first-pass effect when delivered orally. For the oral mucosal
route of drug administration, various types of dosage forms can be prepared. The duration of delivery is short owing to the inevitable loss of a large proportion of the administered dose due to swallowing. To avoid such losses, a patch can be formulated that is located on the buccal mucosa of the oral cavity. Direct access to the systemic circulation through the internal jugular vein bypasses drugs from the hepatic first pass metabolism leading to high bioavailability.

Oral mucosal diseases are the most common diseases affecting humans and these can be treated with the use of various drugs. These drugs can be administered via many routes to produce its pharmacological bioeffects. One such site is the oral cavity, where both local and systemic deliveries of drug can take place. Oral route has been the most convenient and commonly employed route of drug delivery. The oral mucosa’s accessibility, excellent blood supply, bypass of hepatic first pass metabolism, rapid repair, and permeability profile make it an attractive site for local and systemic drug deliveries. 

The objective of writing this review on buccal drug delivery system was to compile the recent literature with special focus on buccal patches by discussing buccal mucosa and pathways of drug absorption, theories and mechanism of mucoadhesion.

Keywords: Buccal drug delivery system, Buccal mucosa, Buccal absorption mucoadhesion, Buccal patches.