Abstract

A REVIEW ARTICLE ON ANALYSIS OF HUMAN AND RAT LIVER MICROSOMAL ENZYMES IN DRUG METABOLITE STUDIES

Priyanka Lagwal*, Amar Deep Ankalgi, Nikhil Sharma, Nikhil Kumar, Achla Sharma, Nidhika Rana, Shalu

ABSTRACT

This comprehensive review delves into the in-depth analysis of human and rat liver microsomal enzymes within the context of drug metabolite studies. The investigation encompasses a diverse array of analytical techniques, spanning from conventional methodologies such as Western blotting and PCR to cutting-edge approaches such as mass spectrometry and super-resolution microscopy. The elucidation of microsome isolation, in vitro incubation methodologies, and the strategic application of specific drugs and their metabolites contributes to a nuanced understanding of the dynamic processes involved in drug metabolism. The review underscores the significance of comprehending major enzyme families, including cytochrome P450, flavin-containing monooxygenases, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, which play a pivotal role in unravelling the intricacies of phase I and phase II drug metabolism across species. The narrative highlights success stories in predicting human metabolism based on rat liver microsome studies, underscoring the reliability of preclinical models in translational research and their contribution to the optimization of drug development processes. Emerging technologies, such as single-cell omics and advanced mass spectrometry, are explored for their potential to enhance the exploration of microsomal enzyme biology, paving the way for innovative therapeutic interventions. The abstract concludes by emphasizing the ongoing evolution of the field through efforts to integrate computational methods, predict metabolism, and improve translatability. It underscores the paramount importance of refining experimental design and fostering inclusivity in preclinical studies for robust and reproducible findings. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted landscape of human and rat liver microsomal enzymes in drug metabolite studies, serving as a bridge between preclinical insights and clinical applications. 

Keywords: Liver microsomal enzymes, drug metabolise studies, CYP, FMO, UGT enzymes.