Abstract

CHRONICLE THE KNOWLEDGE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE OF PLANT SALVADORA PERSICA L. (MISWAK) - A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Mayuri Sunil Pawar*, Sujal Jaiswal, Isha Dhonge and Krushna Nimdeo

ABSTRACT

Miswak is one of the many traditional medicinal plants that have been utilized for ages. Salvadora persica L., a member of the Salvadoraceae family, is the source of miswak. The phrase "Nature's little toothbrush" describes it. The plant has a number of phytoconstituents that have demonstrated encouraging results in preserving dental hygiene. Salvadora persica, sometimes known as Arak (Miswak), is composed of volatile oils, terpenes, silica, flavonoids, glycosides, resins, and benzyl isothiocyanate. Miswak operates on the pathogens due to its several medicinal properties, which include antibacterial, antifungal, anticariogenic, and anti-plaque effects. Saliva samples collected four hours after the last use of a toothbrush or Meswak in the medium-lerm
experiment revealed no significant differences in any of the components examined (calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate). Saliva samples produced immediately after chewing Meswak showed statistically significant increases in calcium and chloride, but decreases in phosphate and pH as compared with controls. However, gingival and plaque indices were much reduced after brushing with miswak. Salivary caicium stimulates mineralization of dental enamel, while chloride inhibits the formation of calculus. IgA, IgG, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate transaminase. Miswak is traditionally employed as chewing sticks, although it can also be found in contemporary usage. Miswak is offered commercially as toothpastes, mouthwashes, irrigants, and chewing gum. Promoting the use of miswak is crucial for improving oral hygiene and managing health care. Miswak was applied in ten various ways: as toothpaste, chewing gum, mouthwash, aqueous extract, ethanol extract, essential oil, probiotic spray, dental cement, dental varnish, and chewing gum. Miswak has been shown in all investigations to have beneficial effects on gingival wound healing, anti- plaque, anti-gingivitis, anti-cariogenic, whitening, orthodontic chain preservation, and biocompatibility with oral cells. Miswak has shown promise in maintaining and managing oral health in its various forms. The current systematic review's objective is to evaluate the most recent empirical data pertaining to Salvadora persica's and its constituents' medicinal qualities, particularly with relation to the promotion of oral health. This may facilitate its usage as a substitute for maintaining dental health, especially in low-income settings where it is more readily available and convenient.

Keywords: Salvadoraceae, rheumatism, Salvadora persica, antibacterial, antiphlogistic, anti-plaque.