Abstract

MODIFIER DRUG RELEASE OF PRIMAQUINE PHOSPHATE LOADED WITH HYDROPHILIC POLYMER NANOPARTICLE

Vikas Bhombe*, Vaishnavi Jadhav and Gajanan Sanap

ABSTRACT

The study focused on designing an extended-release formulation for Primaquine (PQ), a potent antimalarial compound with a short plasma half-life that requires frequent administration and can lead to undesired side effects and patient noncompliance. The formulation incorporated PQ into a hydrophilic matrix composed of HPMC, Sodium CMC, and Sodium alginate. The study also examined the effects of polymeric dispersions of ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method. The results indicated good flow properties with an angle of repose of <30 and a compressibility index of up to 15%. The tablets underwent various tests such as weight variation, hardness, friability, and drug content. The swelling and drug release profiles were investigated under dissolution conditions. The study found that the swelling index and release retarding capacity followed the order HPMC > Sodium CMC > Sodium alginate, and this was further sustained by polymeric dispersions of EC and PVP. The kinetics of drug release showed extended release for up to 20 hours, following non-Fickian diffusion (0.45 < n < 0.89). This research aimed to develop a controlled-release formulation for Primaquine to reduce dosing frequency and improve patient compliance, which is particularly important in antimalarial treatment. The study involved analyzing nanoparticles using TEM, which revealed smooth, spherical-shaped particles. DLS analysis of the drug confirmed the presence of negatively charged nanoparticles with a particle size ranging from 100 to 400 nm. Furthermore, a drug release study was conducted to investigate various kinetic models, including the zero-order model, first-order model, Higuchi model, Hixson-Crowell model, and Korsmeyer-Peppas model. These models are commonly used to understand and predict the release kinetics of drugs from various formulations, providing valuable insights into drug delivery systems.

Keywords: Primaquine Phosphate, Sustainable release drug, Hydroxypropylmethylcllulose, Sodium CMC, Sodium alginate, Nanoparticle.