Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ACACIA CATECHU

Shubham Giri*, Satyendra Kumar Rajput and Rohit Bhardwaj

ABSTRACT

The two most common illnesses, peptic ulcers, and inflammatory disorders, afflict millions of people. Several drugs are currently available to treat these problems. The most prevalent condition today caused by H. pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is the peptic ulcer. The present review was based on the phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Acacia catechu. The Acacia catechu tree, a deciduous member of the Fabaceae family, has a long history of usage in Ayurvedic medicine for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of a wide range of medical conditions. Katha, a concentrated extract of the A. catechu tree, is utilized in paan (betal leaf masticatory) and is responsible for the distinctive red coloring of paan chewers' saliva Functional foods and medicines could be made from this plant. Asthma, bronchitis, cancer, chest discomfort, diarrhea, sore throats, ulceration, vitiligo, and wound healing have all been traditionally treated with the Acacia catechu shrub, which also contains antifungal, antiviral, spasmolytic, and hypoglycemic qualities. The leaves of Acacia catechu have shown for chemical constituents in abundance i.e., camphor, phytol, vitamin E acetate, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-1-butene, butylphosphonic acid, ellagic acid and quercetin. The plant's pharmacological activities have been thoroughly investigated, and the findings indicate that it has powerful immunomodulatory, hypoglycaemic, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antinociceptive, antihyperlipidemic, antiulcer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, antibacterial, antifungal, haemolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties In conclusion, A. catechu has a high nutritional and phytochemical value, there is still a need for chemical analyses and clinical trials to confirm the plant's safety in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This is because there is a paucity of research on the molecular mechanism of the plant.

Keywords: Herbal drug, Acacia catechu, Phytoconstituents, Traditional uses, Biological properties.