Abstract

DOSTARLIMAB A PD1/PD-L1 INHIBITOR IN MISMATCH REPAIR DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCER

*Abhijna M., Bhavana Naik, Michelle Petrisha Tellis, Chithrakshi S., Grinton Veigas, Ravikumar Naik

ABSTRACT

Cancer is an uncontrolled cellular proliferation. When this uncontrolled cellular growth takes place in the colon or rectum region, it is termed as colorectal cancer or simply colon cancer. The epidemiology of colorectal cancer may dramatically differ depending on a number of factors. It ranks second and third in terms of prevalence among both males and females. The risk of developing and death from this type of cancer is significantly lower in women than in men. Dostarlimab, an anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody, is used to treat adults with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) recurrent or metastatic solid malignancies as well as dMMR-recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer. T cells exhibit PD-1 on their surface, which is where dostarlimab attaches. PD-1 acts as a barrier in healthy T cells to prevent the cells from starting an uncontrolled immune response. On the surfaces of malignant or healthy cells within the tumor mass, there are more PD-L1 and PD-L2 molecules that bind to PD-1. When these two molecules (PD-L1 and PD-L2) attach to the PD-1 receptor present on T cells, the T cell is become inactive and unable to kill the cancer cells. In a recent study, dostarlimab was remarkably effective and produced a complete clinical response in locally advanced rectal cancer with mismatch repair- deficient. The objective of this review is to evaluate the role of dostarlimab in colorectal cancer.

Keywords: Mismatch repair deficient, colorectal cancer, Dostarlimab, Immunotherapy, Programmed cell death receptor-1.