Abstract

TYPE II DIABETIC FOOT ULCER MANAGEMENT: A GUIDE TO PHARMACIST

Ashley Rajan*, Malini S., Julie Mariam Joshua and Dr. Santhosh M. Mathews

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence has been steadily increasing worldwide. Diabetic foot ulcers are common among diabetes patients and have a long-term impact on morbidity, mortality, and patient quality of life. Foot ulcer pathogenesis is multifactorial, and management necessitates early assessment in a multidisciplinary setting. Infection, peripheral ischemia, and abnormal pressure loading caused by peripheral neuropathy and limited joint mobility should all be targeted for treatment. Without prompt and effective treatment, the wound can quickly deteriorate, leading to amputation of the affected limb. Multidisciplinary management programmes that emphasis prevention, education, regular foot examinations, aggressive intervention, and optimal use of therapeutic footwear have shown significant reductions in lower extremity amputations. Pharmacists play an important role in diabetes and its complications education, medication, monitoring, and motivational support. This article provides a review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, complications, treatment options, and information on diabetic foot ulcer prevention. Improving pharmacist knowledge can have a positive impact on health outcomes because there is strong evidence that patient counselling can improve patient compliance and quality of life in the diabetes population. Pharmacists can use their clinical expertise in diabetic foot ulcer management plans to empower patients to actively manage their health. Pharmacists can help other health care providers implement a safe, appropriate, and cost-effective diabetic foot ulcer management plan.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Complications, Diabetic foot ulcer, Management, Patient counseling.