Abstract

REVIEW: STRUCTUTRAL AND FUNCTIONAL ASPETS OF PLATELETS

Yogendrakumar Lahir*

ABSTRACT

Blood and body fluids are the target for any intravenous and intraperitoneal administration. The platelets are enucleated entity of cellular components of blood that exhibit active complex nature and metabolism, possibly because of the complex nature of megakaryotes, their predecessor. The topography of a cell reflects on allocation of biomolecules, cellular geometry, biomical functioning of the signaling molecules, and physicochemical features of the interacting biomaterials, and the subendothelial matrix exposed at the site of injury. The circulatng platelets result in the formation of hemostatic plug at the injury site. Even strokes and heart attacks may result in the accumulation of platelets and formation of hemostatic plug/thromobus due to the atherosclerotic plaque formation. The agonistic, ligands and concerned receptors molecules play significant roles and act in an organized orchestrated mode to accomplish the reactions at vessel-wall interface and inter platelet aggregation. Platelets produce vesicles microparticles that are seen abundantly in circulating blood, specifically, during apoptosis. These vesicles carry cytokines, chemokines, and functional receptors. These microparticles also induce intracellular signaling pathways, angiogenesis, and participate in regeneration of tissue. The prevailing lymphatic microenvironment in vascular circulation, the physiological status of the target organ along with the blood components, elements of coagulation system, stromal cells and extracellular matrix play significant functional roles in the development, progression, and establishment of tumor metastasis, and immune response. In spite of enormous progress, still platelets offer much to ponder and delve to get more insight in their structural and functional aspects, hence, this presentation.

Keywords: Activation of platelets, Drug hemostasis, Glycoproteins, Platelets, Membrane topography, semi-axis ratio, Subendothelial matrix, Ultra structure.