Abstract

REVIEW ON *ANTIMALERIAL DRUG*

*Bhalerao Kajal Sunil, Vaishnavi Ugale, Bodhak V.I. and Nalawade D. D.

ABSTRACT

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite, Plasmodium, which infects red blood Malaria causes about 400-900 million cases of fever and approximately 1-3 million deaths annually; this represents at least one death every 30 seconds. The vast majority of cases occur in children under the age of 5 years, pregnant women are also especially vulnerable. Resistance to antimalarial drugs as well as resistance of vectors to insecticides is proving to be a challenging problem in malaria control in most parts of the world. New antimalarial drug is a fixed dose combination of two antimalarial active ingredients arterolane maleate and piperaquine phosphate. Arterolane undergoes reductive cleavage in the food vacuole by ferrous iron to generate free radicals which inhibit PfATP6, a sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase encoded by P. Falciparum. Piperaquine produces inhibition of the heme-digestion pathway in the parasite food vacuole. Arterolane is rapidly eliminated from blood plasma. Hence, the combination provides rapid clearance of parasitemia and most malaria-related symptoms, coupled with prevention of recrudescence.

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