Abstract

PREVALENCE OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS AND RISK FACTORS AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING AL ELWEIYA MATERNITY TEACHING HOSPITAL/ TUMOR WOMEN CENTER DEPARTMENT IN 2021

Rafif Nemah Hassoni*, Hiba Dhari Al Ameri and Besmah Mohammed Ali

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is an increasing health problem and an important cause of mortality in women worldwide. The incidence of cervical cancer arises worldwide it ranks 12 among Iraqi women. Cervical cancer is a preventable disease due to the long preinvasive stage. Early detection and appropriate treatment are possible if robust screening is implemented. Early cervical epithelial changes can be identified by a Pap smear test, which is the primary screening test for detection of precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and the early stage of invasive cervical cancer. A Pap screening done in association with an HPV DNA test increases the sensitivity for early detection of precancerous lesions. Objectives: The study was conducted to find the prevalence and risk factors of abnormal cervical intraepithelial lesions among women attending Al-Elweiya Maternity Teaching Hospital/ Tumor Women Center department. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on 190 cases who were asymptomatic or with different compliant evaluated by conventional pap smear in Al Elweiya Maternity Teaching Hospital between August to December 2021. Cervical lesion then classified according to Bethesda system into: Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), ASCUS, atypical squamous cells cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Patients with abnormal cytological results referred to coloposcopic biopsy and managed according to WHO guideline. Results: Out of 190 women most of patients 181 (95.3%) were married; mean age of marriage was (19.63 ±5). Vaginal discharge was the presenting symptom in (34.7%). NILM was the most prevalent cytological result 171 (90.0%) followed by ASCUS, HSIL, LSIL, and ASCH (5.8 %, 2.1%, 1.6%, 0.5%) respectively. Regarding risk factors women within 30-50 years age group and those with positive test for high-risk human papilloma virus (HR HPV) showing significant association with cytological abnormalities (P

Keywords: Cervical cancer, Risk factors, Pap test.