Abstract

UPDATE IN MANAGEMENT AND PREVALENCE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

Dr. Tawhed Sajid Hammood*

ABSTRACT

The most common diabetic eye complication is diabetic macular edoema (DME). main avoidable source of blindness in the population of working age in industrialised nations, Screening programmes, however, are crucial. While dealing with this difficulty, retinal damage by diabetes. A new newer methods of imaging, and technology Improvements have allowed for both earlier diagnosis and treatment. Together with the monitoring of DME patients, specially optical coherence tomography artificial intelligence and angiography. Intravitreal Standard treatment for is therapy. yet, not all individuals with DME have the same response to this treatment, and it's not always simple to the proper use of therapeutic methods; clinical trial outcomes due to a variety of results in terms of improved eyesight that match those of clinical studies. Introducing novel Various Treatment Protocols, Including "Treat and Extend" Moreover, novel therapeutic targets and chemicals ever-evolving; in a state of development. For the most part, The purpose of this article is to provide a summary of the solutions for medical care and stress control as well as a quick review of DME in Europe to the availability of cutting-edge therapeutic horizon The microvascular consequence of diabetes known as diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. related to the disease diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy affects over 93 million individuals today. worldwide. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is understudied. and potential dangers in the African country of Ethiopia. The purpose of this study is to examine the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and risk variables among Patients with diabetes from July 2020 to June 2021. Methods: A total of 302 patients participated in this cross-sectional research from a single medical facility. A random sampling process was used to choose them. Relevant information was culled from Interviews and medical history documents. Measurements of blood pressure, height, and weight, as well as tests of eyesight were evaluated. The Topcon TRC-NW7SF fundus camera was used for the retinal examination. camera. EpiData 3.1 was used for data entry, and then the information was transferred to SPSS 20 for analysis. Binary The data was analysed using logistic regression with 95% CIs. Straightforward binary-based logistic regression the next step was to do a multiple binary logistic regression analysis to see which variables were significantly factors. Results: Out of 302 participants, 57 (18.9%) were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy was seen in 75.4% of the diabetic retinopathy patients. 40 percent Nearly four in ten patients (37.7%) struggled with poor eyesight. inability to maintain healthy blood sugar levels (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.58, 95% confidence interval CI 1.86-11.31), having diabetes for more than 10 years (AOR 3.91, 95% CI 1.86-8.23), and having a body mass index of a body mass index more than 25 (AOR 3.74, 95% CI 1.83-7.66) or hypertension (3.39, 95% CI 1.83-7.66) Significant variables (1.64-7.02) were found to be connected to diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: About 20% of diabetic individuals had some kind of diabetic retinopathy. Visual impairment caused by diabetes, also known as diabetic retinopathy had a notable effect on blood sugar, blood pressure, weight, and time taken to recover from sickness. Methods for routinely assessing and promptly addressing these risk factors may be significant in lessening the incidence and severity of diabetic retinopathy, as shown about the present investigation.

Keywords: Diabetic macular edoema; intravitreal injections, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, and corticosteroid administration are all Visual impairment caused by diabetes, also known as diabetic retinopathy : type 2 diabetes, diabetic retinopathy