Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF Lawsonia inermis

Bibha Kumari Yadav*

ABSTRACT

Present study concentrated on pharmacognostic, phytochemical, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activity of Lawsonia inermis. Extraction was done by soxhalation process using hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, methanol and water. The highest yield was found from methanolic extract (17.93%). The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and tannin in most of fractions. The ethylacetate extract had the highest total phenolic content (312.316±0.002 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (46.587±0.004 mg QE/g). The chloroform extract had least IC50 value as 18.54 μg/ml indicating the presence of natural antioxidants. Hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and methanol showed anti- bacterial activity against S. aureus with maximum zone of inhibition by chloroform extract(22mm), MIC and MBC value ranges from 6.25-12.5mg/ml. The chloroform and ethylacetate showed antibacterial activity against E. coli with maximum zone of inhibition by ethylacetate 13mm, MIC and MBC value ranges from 1.56-3.125mg/ml. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay, shows that ethylacetate has highest cytotoxic action with LC50 value of 329μg/ml. The study provides scientific baseline information for the use of this plant and for further study.

Keywords: Lawsonia inermis, antioxidant, phenolic content, flavonoid content, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic activity.