Abstract

A REVIEW ON MANAGEMENT OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT (ASD)

*Z. Rahmath Nisha, A. Himavarsha, D. Pravallika, E. E. Naveena, Dr. K. T. Naik Banjaraa

ABSTRACT

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common types of congenital heart defects occurring in both child and adult. ASD is one of the congenital heart defects. ASD is a hole in the middle of the septum. Females are more prone to ASD than males. Symptoms are related to the size of the defect. There are five types of ASD, such as patent foramen ovale, ostium secundum defect, ostium primum defect, sinus venosus defect, and coronary sinus defect. ASD is diagnosed by echocardiogram, chest X-Ray, ECG, cardiac MRI and CT scanning. Some ASD are diagnosed before or soon after a child is born. Many ASD close on their own during childhood. For adults, ASD eventually requires open heart surgery. Cardiac catheterisation is the new method involved to cure ASD. After surgery, a regular health check up is done to avoid complications such as pulmonary hypertension, etc. Women are advised to avoid pregnancy due to excess maternal and fetal mortality.

Keywords: Atrial septal defects, Ostium secundum, Ostium primum, Sinus venosus, Open heart surgery and Cardiac catheterisation.