Abstract

A REVIEW ON REYES SYNDROME

T. R. Hemavathi*, D. Pravallika, N. Jyothsna, P. H. Vivek Vardhanan, K. T. Naik Banjara and M. Kishore Babu

ABSTRACT

Reyes syndrome is a virus associated biphasic disease that causes acute encephalopathy in infants and children. This study mainly reviews the epidemiology, etiological factors that are idiopathic and may be caused due to using aspirin in children’s to treat viral infections like influenza chicken pox and various drugs are Salicylates like aspirin, acetaminophen, Antiemetic’s like phenothiazine’s, valproic acid, Antiviral drugs like zidovudine, didanosine , Anticoagulants like warfarin and some Neoplastic agents also associated with Reyes syndrome. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) like Diclofenac sodium, mefenamic acid are thought to worsen the condition. Main Risk factors includes inborn errors of metabolism, increased levels ammonia, aciduria and decreased glycemia, ketone levels are evaluated .Clinical manifestations are based on 5 stages with unknown pathophysiology. Stages(1-3) are mild to moderate and stages (4, 5) are severe. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory investigations include Serum transaminase, Blood ammonia, Prothrombin time, Liver biopsy and Cerebrospinal fluid. The specific treatment is not available, hence supportive care is provided on basis of clinical stages to prevent metabolic abnormalities, hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia and cerebral edema.

Keywords: Encephalopathy, Liver failure, Reye’s Syndrome.