Abstract

REVIEW ON: PLANT DISEASES AND THEIR ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT

Sayed Vazida Shahin*, Tahira Parveen, Tripta Jain and Kanika Sharma

ABSTRACT

Plant diseases and pests are a major threat to global food availability. In particular, fungal plant pathogens are attracted to nutrient-dense plant tissues. Fungi are not only significant destroyers of foodstuffs, grains and economically important group of crops but are also responsible for several health problems in human and animals. Based on the effects they produce fungi can be classified into Allergenic which cause allergy and asthma, pathogenic that causes diseases and toxic which produce small molecular weight toxic secondary metabolites called mycotoxins. Vegetables are an important part of healthy eating and provide a source of many nutrients including potassium, fiber, minerals, vitamins to the diet, are highly beneficial for the maintenance of health and help to fight disease. Vegetables may include every part of plant either it is edible roots, stems, leaves, fruits or seeds. Each part has its own nutritional values that constitute the components for a balanced diet. However, farmers face heavy losses both in the quality and quantity of these crops due to various diseases. Dozens of chemical fungicides and antifungal agents are available in the market for the protection of crops and grains. Many of these fungicides or preservatives harm human and animal health by creating side effects in form of carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and residual toxicity. In this regards, Plants and plant based products are good source of bio-control agents and have been proposed as an alternative to standard fungicides because antimicrobial compounds present in the plants can be considered as most potent alternate of synthetic fungicides due to their less negative impacts on the environment, animals and plants. So in the present study we have reviewed the various plant disease and its control methods with sustainable manner.

Keywords: Plant Disease, Mycotoxins, Chemical fungicides, teratogenicity, bio-control agents, residual toxicity.