Abstract

EVALUATION OF COMBINED COGNITIVE EFFECT OF ANNONA SQUAMOSA AND OCIMUM SANCTUM EXTRACT IN SCOPOLAMINE INDUCED AMNESIA IN RODENTS

Ayushi*, Deepak Kumar Basedia and B. K. Dubey

ABSTRACT

The present work focused on preparing hydroalcoholic extracts of Annona squamosa and Ocimum sanctum leaves and establishing the anti-amnesic potential of the combined extracts in experimental model. The extraction yield of the hydroalcoholic mixture was found to be 28.6 % for Annona squamosa and 43.7 % for Ocimum sanctum. The findings of preliminary phytochemical analysis suggest the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, phenolics, terpenoids, and flavonoids in the leaf of the Annona squamosa while alkaloids, sterols and glycosides were not present in Ocimum sanctum. The total phenolic content of the extracts of A. squamosa and O. sanctum were 23.86 ± 0.308 and 67.56 ± 0.665 GAE mg/g, respectively. The phenolic content was highest in the combined extract (CE, 1:2) of all the three combinations with total phenolics 121.9 ± 2.007 GAE mg/g. The extracts were individually and in combination (1:1, 1:2 & 2:1) subjected to determination of anti-amnesic potential using Morris water maze and Elevated plus maze models. The number of movements in open arm of the elevated plus maze apparatus on administration of CE, 2:1 was highest of all the extracts administered (5.14 ± 0.408). In the Morris method, the mice treated with CE, 1:2 required only 14.22 ± 0.894 seconds on the 4th day to find the hidden platform as compared to 52.00 ± 3.577 for the scopolamine treated mice.

Keywords: Annona squamosa, Ocimum sanctum, Scopolamine, Amnesia, Phenolics, extract.