Abstract

REVIEW: PHARMACEUTICAL PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION OF BHASMA: AN AYURVEDIC MEDICINE

Prince Kumar Pal*, C. Murali Krishna, Savita P. Gopod, Sujata P. Dhoke, Anumol K. and Vikas Kumar

ABSTRACT

Ayurveda medicines are serving the need of ailing humanity since many centuries particularly bhasmas have good preventive, curative and rejuvenating potential. It is unique Ayurvedic preparation obtained from metals, minerals, and animal products, by treated them with herbal juice (swaras) or decoction (kwath) and incinerated. As a result of different stages of processing techniques like shodhana (which involves roasting, with addition of herbal juices and continuous stirring) and marana, which involves bhavana (wet trituration) and puta (system of heating), and intermediate process Jarana (the reaction with some other minerals or herbals contains). The particle size reduces significantly with appropriate process, which may facilitate absorption and assimilation of the drug into the body system. Manufacturing of bhasma is necessary to confirm its identity and to determine its quality, purity safety, effectiveness and acceptability of the product. Here try to standardised the Bhasma by using traditional method of manufacturing and its evaluation by bhasma pariksha, as well as modern techniques like Ash value, extractive value, and instrumental methods of analysis by FT-IR, (for structural elucidation), AAS and ICP-AES (for metals analysis), EDX (for elemental analysis as oxide form and chemical characterization), DLS (particle size analysis), X- ray diffraction (for shape and crystalline nature), SEM (for morphological characteristics and high resolution figures) from the different studies. The ancient methods for preparation of bhasma and their quality assessment by bhasma pariksha, physicochemical characterisation and the modern parameters like, FT-IR, AAS and ICP-AES, EDX, DLS, XRD, SEM are suited for the preparation of appropriate quality of bhasma.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Bhasma pariksha, FT-IR, ICP-AES, Standardisation, XRD.