Abstract

A REVIEW ON DRUG PROTEIN BINDING AND VARIOUS METHODS USED TO DETERMINE DRUG PROTEIN BINDING

Prof. Meera Devi*

ABSTRACT

Drugs are exogenous chemical substances administered in humans or animals for prevention of disease or therapeutic purpose, drugs can interact with specific as well as Non-specific proteins as well as fatty substance in the body. Protein binding compared to fatty binding is predominant. Specific protein binding could results in pharmacological action, Non specific drug protein binding results in variation in therapeutic activity resulting in sustained as well as other factors affecting its displacement from the protein site storage. Drug protein binding plays very important role indirectly determining free drug concentration further controlling the rate of metabolism and excretion. In order to fix the dose of a drug, it is very important to know the drug protein binding data from which free drug concentration can be determined. Protein binding data always is important in drug dosage management. All the drugs, which are released into the market used for clinical purpose needs drug protein binding data for clinicians to administer the drug. In this regard, there are numerous in vitro methods to determine non specific drug protein binding using Albumin protein (likely protein reported with more qualitatively and quantatively interaction with drugs as compared to other blood proteins such as fibrin and thrombin). Albumin binds to acidic as well as basic drugs. In vitro non specific protein drug binding analysis involves two parts one is separation of free drug from the bound drug to the protein, which involves numerous protein binding methods are equilibrium dialysis, ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, solid phase micro extraction, size exclusion, High performance frontal analysis, charcoal adsorption, gel filtration and High performance affinity chromatography. Second part of the protein binding determination involves estimating the drug quantitatively using methods such as titration, UV spectrophotometer, HPLC and LCMS.

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