Abstract

A BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY FOR THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS GROUPS OF DISEASES

Aselin Puthenpurail B.S., Hinal Rathi B.S., Surya M. Nauli*, Ph.D., Ahmmed Ally M.D., Ph.D.*

ABSTRACT

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are increasingly being prescribed to patients and investigated in the field of medicine and research. This class of medication is unique due to its ability to be engineered into targeting a specific receptor. Numerous studies and reviews have reported the efficacy, potency, and clinical usage of mAbs in the treatment of a variety of diseases ranging from autoimmune disorders to malignant cancers. However, very few publications classify and provide a brief synopsis of mAbs that includes their pharmacological profiles. mechanisms of action, uses, and side effects in a concise manner. Therefore, this review aims to classify the current mAbs drugs used in clinical practice according to system diseases by providing a brief summary for each of them. For example, regarding cardiovascular disorders, mAbs such as Abciximab, Bevacizumab, and Digoxin Immune Fab will be reviewed. Denosumab, used to treat musculoskeletal disorders, will be also discussed. In addition, mAbs such as Adalimumab, Eculizumab, Natalizumab used in autoimmune disorders and Alemtuzumab, Trastuzumab, Cetuximab, and Rituximab that are prescribed for tumors will be reviewed. Finally, we shall discuss two mAbs that are IL-6 antagonists, Tocilizumab and Siltuximab, which are in ongoing clinical trials as potential treatments of COVID-19. The mAbs have profound benefits against chronic and malignant conditions, and the overall purpose of this review is to illustrate the basic pharmacological profiles of mAbs that physicians may find useful in establishing their management protocols.

Keywords: Monoclonal antibodies, toxicology; Adalimumab; Eculizumab; Natalizumab; Abciximab; Bevacizumab; Digoxin Immune FAb; Denosumab; Alemtuzumab; Transtuzumab; Rituximab; Cetuximab; Tocilizumab; Siltuximab.