Abstract

A REVIEW ON CLINICAL INSIGHTS OF THE NOVEL CEFTAZIDIME- AVIBACTAM IN GRAM NEGATIVE INFECTIONS

Dr. S. Daniel Sundar Singh*, Ranjini R. and Aswathi G.

ABSTRACT

In view of the growing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the lack of treatment options available, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of ceftazidime–avibactam. Ceftazidime is a cephalosporin third-generation, which demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. Avibactam (non-β-lactam) is a β-lactamase inhibitor that is active against known Ambler class A, C β-lactamases and some class D b-lactamases and which also possesses activity against some Ambler class D enzymes. Avibactam was developed in combination with ceftazidime with the intention of inhibiting β-lactamases with activity against the cephalosporins and therefore broadening their spectra of activity. They have complementary pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Both drugs have a half-life of approximately 2hours, making them suitable to be combined in a fixed-dose ratio of 4:1 (ceftazidime: avibactam). Generally, ceftazidime/avibactam is well tolerated with most adverse events being of mild to moderate intensity. The potential for developing resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam appears to be relatively low with an overall success rate of 70% efficacy. Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) remains important agents in the treatment of many types of bacterial infections because of their broad-spectrum activity, well-characterized pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties, and proven safety and efficacy in both adult and pediatric population. In this review, we summarize the clinical pharmacology, Antibacterial along with Safety and Efficacy and Data of Real world experience, relating to the use of CZA for the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial infections in both adults and pediatrics population.

Keywords: Ceftazidime, Avibactam, Gram –Negative infection, Resistance.