Abstract

A REVIEW ON CYTOKINE STORM SYNDROME AND ITS Cs SCORING DURING COVID 19

Ashita Ajith*, Dhanya Dharman, Shaiju S. Daran, Ashima Basher and Asha Lincon

ABSTRACT

COVID-19 pandemic is a global health disaster caused by a newly emergent coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It sparked as an international concern after a trigger outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019.[1] As per WHO globally reported confirmed cases of COVID-19 are of 162,177,376 including 3,364,178 deaths. The disease is transmitted from person to person through droplets from an infected person or fomites. The disease mainly infects middle aged and elderly, the infections in children are less common and rarely progress to severe disease. In the geriatric population and in patients with co-morbities, the infection can be fatal and can result in multiple organ dysfunctions, interstitial pneumonia with rapid progression to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Septic shock. The transformation of COVID -19 with severe immune dysfunction is known as ‘Cytokine Storm Syndrome’. The occurrence of Cytokine Storm is due to the uncontrolled propagation and hyperactivation of pro inflammatory mediators. It is necessary to monitor the Cytokine levels by using clinical markers including Ferritin, D-Dimer, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and C-Reactive Protien (CRP) levels.The elevated levels of clincal markers. The Cs scoring can used to identify the cytokine storm in patients in a defined manner and through this scoring system, we can identify the patients at risk of Cytokine Storm and provide them the appropriate treatment.

Keywords: COVID-19, cytokine Storm, ADRS, Inflammatory Mediators, CRP, LDH, D-Dimer, Ferritin, Cs scoring.