Abstract

THE NEW “TYPE 3 DIABETES” ALZHEIMER (THE LINK BETWEEN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND DIABETES)

Shamima Nasreen Ahmed* and Deepak Kumar Jha

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by a high blood glucose level over a prolong period of time. Alzheimer‘s disease is a neurological condition which leads to brain cell death causing memory loss and cognitive decline also gradually destroys a person‘s memory and ability to learn, reason, make judgments, communicate and carry out daily activities. Initially, diabetes and Alzheimer‘s appear to be two extremely different diseases. However, a growing possible links between them indicates that diabetes and Alzheimer‘s disease (AD) are linked because both conditions involve similar stages of dysfunctions. As there are many possible links between AD and DM, starting from impaired insulin signalling to mitochondrial dysfuntion and oxidative stress, it is possible that AD is a metabolic disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and protein changes resulting from DM are associated with impaired insulin signaling pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and protein changes resulting from DM are associated with impaired insulin signaling pathways. The prevalence of AD is increased , mostly by promoting Aβ pathology . Thus, we can mention DM is a risk factor for AD that is associated with metabolic alterations that exacerbate brain dysfunction. The present review summaries all the possible links that suggests and postulates all the common possible link between diabetes and alzheimer‘s disease.

Keywords: Alzheimer‘s disease (AD), impaired glucose homeostasis, insulin, glycotoxic.