Abstract

A REVIEW: DIABETES MELLITUS

Vishal R. Rasve*, Anup K. Chakraborty and Nilesh Y. Jadhav

ABSTRACT

Aim of present study is to know more about the Diabetes Mellitus and to evaluate the various medicinal plant used for its treatment. DM is non-communicable endocrine disorder. Diabetes is a major endocrine disorder to leads morbidity and mortality all over the worldwide. Globally 463 million of adults are living with diabetes. There are few plants which are used I treatment of DM. India is home of 50000 species of plant among these less than 1% of plant has pharmacologically anti-diabetic in action. DM is characterised by a high concentration of glucose (Hyperglycaemia) caused by insulin deficiency with insulin resistance. This abnormal disorder is associated with the micro vascular (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy), macro vascular (heart attack and stroke) and other metabolic complications. Diabetes mellitus is treat by using insulin and oral hypoglycaemic drugs like sulfonylureas, Biguanides and other α - Glucosidase agents. These all drugs possess the different mechanism of action in Diabetes disease but they may also produces some undesired or unexpected effects, which includes hypoglycaemia, diarrhoea, lactic acidosis, liver toxicity, and hypertension. This review focuses on diabetes mellitus and the role of plants in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. These drugs largely fail to alter the course of diabetes complications. It has limited use due to undesirable pathological conditions and high rates of secondary failure. Hence, it is essential to look for more effective anti-diabetic agents with fewer side effects. Traditional medicinal plants with anti-diabetic properties can be a beneficial source for developing safer and more effective hypoglycaemic agents. However, botanical remedies are the predominant trend of treatment in underdeveloped areas. This review focuses on diabetes and the role of plants in treating diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Medicinal plant, Pathophysiology, oral hypoglycaemic agents, hypoglycaemia.