Abstract

AN APPROACH TO APPLICATIONS OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

*Ram Chandra, Sandeep Kumar, Bhupender, Dr. Ashutosh Aggarwal

Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education, IPSDR, Sri Ganganagar (RAJ.) India

ABSTRACT

In analytical chemistry liquid and gas chromatography techniques have become important tools in the identification of chemical sample components. The basic principle underlying all chromatographic technique is the separation of a sample chemical mixture into individual components by transporting the mixture in a moving fluid through a porous retentive media. The moving fluid is referred to as the mobile phase and the retentive media has been referred to as the stationary phase. [1] The modern technique of GC and HPLC cannot analyze many substances due to either thermosensitive, no availability of proper solvent & detector. The advent of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provided a potential bridge between gas and liquid chromatography advantages, i.e., high sensitivity and heavier molecular weight samples. In SFC a fluid heated above the critical point, is used as the mobile phase. Such fluid is passed under pressure through a media which differentially retains sample components. As the pressure of the mobile phase is increased, for example, from 40 ATM to approximately 400 ATM, the sample being analyzed separates into its various components dependent upon the relative differential solubility of each component with the mobile phase. [2] SFC has been found to be primarily useful in the analysis of moderate molecular weight 100 to 10,000 and some thermally labile molecules such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals. [3] The review describes the usefulness of SFC in analysis of various components.

Keywords: Supercritical fluid, Critical temperature, Critical pressure.