Abstract

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEAF AND RHIZOME OF COSTUS SPECIOSUS

V. Manimozhi* and Dr. B. S. Balakumar

ABSTRACT

Costus speciosus (Koenig ex. Retz.) Smith commonly called crepe-ginger & grown as an ornamental plant is with a good deal of pharmacological properties. The plant is used for healing burning sensation, useful in asthma, bronchitis, constipation, fever, leprosy, skin diseases and worm infection. The leaf infusion is used by the patients while bathing with high febrifuge. The study highlights the phytochemical screening involving qualitative analysis such as Alkaloids, Anthraquinones, Carbohydrates, Saponins, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Proteins, Phenolics, Sterols, Tannins, Terpenoids, Volatile oils and quantitative analysis such as estimation of Alkaloids, Anthroquinone, Carbohydrates, Fatty acids, Flavonoids, total Glycosides, Total protein, Total Phenolics, Total Sterols, Steroids, Total saponins, Tannins, Terpenoids were revealed. The identification of phytochemicals carried out by GC-MS analyses where the extract of leaves & rhizomes of Costus speciosus undertaken for the study. The results revealed that proteins were present in higher quantity in the leaf extracts of Costus speciosus followed by carbohydrates and terpenoids. The rhizome extract of Costus speciosus showed a higher level of proteins followed by carbohydrates and glycosides. 3,4-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol to be the major compound accounting in GCMS of leaf followed by pthalic acid and 1-methyl-3-phenylindole. In rhizome, the Tetraethylsilicate was identified to be the major compound followed by 3-(3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-isoquinolinylamino-propanoicacid (39.22%) and 2-H-Indeno(1,2-b)furane-2-one.The analyzed data would provide the basis for the application of this plant’s bioactive compounds in various systems of medicine.

Keywords: Costus speciosus, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, Steroids, GC-MS.