Abstract

NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOLOGIC DISORDERS

Dr. Mariappan Natarajan*

ABSTRACT

Skin research and Technology is a clinical-oriented biophysical method for advanced therapeutic and imaging technique used in dermatology and cosmetology. Properties of particles are utilized on a nano-scale for innovative techniques in healthcare by nanotechnology engineering. Nano-dermatology is an inter-and-multi-disciplinary science, a new paradigm that include nanotechnology, physics, biophysics, pharmacology, chemistry, biochemistry, chemical engineering, material science, and clinical medicine. Nanodermatology includes skin nanobiology, nanodiagnosis, photonanotherapy/ photo nanodermatology, nanotherapy and nanodrug delivery. Theragnostics is a clinical treatment strategy that combines diagnostics and therapeutics by targeted drug therapy. Molecular biology tools like genomics, functional genomics, bioinformatics and proteomics are essential for progress of molecular theragnostics. Novel nanocarriers of delivery systems have an enhanced efficacy of drugs with higher stability, site specific targeting, and skin penetration. The drugs have high entrapment efficiency, controlled and sustained drug release, reduced dosage schedule and fewer complications. Nanomedicine applications in dermatology and cosmetics are utilised in the development of various skin-related healthcare products. Nano-cosmeceuticals are widely used for skin, hair, nail and lip care; for conditions that include skin wrinkles, photoaging, dandruff, hyperpigmentation and hair damage. Nanotechnology helps in development of nutraceuticals for prevention and monitoring of skin conditions and enhance effectiveness of herbal and ayurvedic medicines also. Nanotechnology applications are used extensively in dermatology that include diagnosis, therapy imaging and for specific drug delivery systems. This review highlights various nanotechnology applications in the treatment of dermatologic disorders. Nanotoxicological research indicate increased use of nanoparticles may have health hazards due to their penetration through skin. Progress in skin research is optimistic regarding future for imaging e-textiles and improvement in use of Artificial Intelligence in Nano-dermatology. New perspectives for research, diagnosis and treatment of cancer through the concept of ―personalized medicine‖ has great potential to offer an efficient cure for virtually any type of malignancy.

Keywords: Nanodermatology; Particle size; Drug delivery systems; Nanobiotechnology; Psoriasis; Atopic dermatitis; Tissue engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Nanocosmeceuticals, Artificial Intelligence, Nutraceuticals.